Two Giants Of Landscape Architecture

The thing about landscaping is that you're taking what"formal gardens." Brown changed all that, encouraging
nature has created, and changing and altering it to fithis clients to make use of a more naturalistic design,
your own needs, wants and desires. The ability towith compositions of grass, clumps of trees, and pools
affect nature for the better began in the 1800s.and lakes.
Up until about a hundred years ago, the averageEngland has Capability Brown, the United States has
person didn't have a lawn to worry about. They wereFrederick Law Olmsted. Olmsted was born in 1822
too busy going to work, putting food on the table, andand died in 1903. He went to Yale and studied
trying to educate their children. It was only whenagricultural science and engineering.
people started leaving the farming life for the life of theIn 1853, the New York legislature decided that they'd
cities and suburbs that single-family houses sprang uphave to create a park in the middle of the city, for their
in droves, and people had the money to spend onmany inhabitants. They held a contest to decide who
such luxuries as landscaping.would design it, and Frederick Olmsted and his partner,
Which is not to say that landscaping is a brand newEnglish architect Calvert Vaux, were awarded the
profession. As early as the 1800s, the wealthy ofcontract, to create a "greensward," as Olmsted
practically any country were able to employtermed it. " The park was not created on barren land,
professional artisans to build gardens and landscapehowever - many poor people and free blacks were
their homes. Of course, they weren't average people,evicted from their homes under eminent domain so
but nevertheless it's fun to learn about the forerunnersthat the park could be placed there. (Not that that was
of today's landscape designer.Olmsted's fault - that's where the legislature wanted
The most famous is the British landscape designer,the park, and that's where they were going to put it
"Capability" Brown. His real name was Lancelot Brown,regardless.)
but it was his habit to look at a piece of real estateOlmsted went on to make a career out of creating
and say, "It has capabilities," and t hat is how he got hiscity parks - indeed he conceived the system of parks
nickname. Brown has been called England's "mostand interconnecting parkways. Two of the best
famous gardener." He was born in 1716 and died inexamples are the park system he designed for
1783, and yet over a hundred years later his legacyBuffalo, New York, and the system for Milwaukee,
lives on. Over 44 of his gardens are still in existenceWisconsin. Olmsted and his partners also designed
today (he designed over 170). Of course that'sover 355 school and college campuses.
because he designed these gardens for the "landedSo as you walk through your city and see all the
families", or nobility, who were not about to sell theirgreenspaces and landscaping, spare a thought for the
mansion every ten years and move up to a biggerlandscape architects who brought all this beauty to
one.you. Studying the history of landscape architecture is
Prior to Capability Brown, the landed families had hugefun and informative.