The Colorful and Fascinating History of Atlanta, Georgia

Although Atlanta, Georgia, was not actuallyslaves accounted for approximately twenty-five
incorporated until well into 1847, it existed for a longpercent of that number. Between 1862 and 1864, there
time before that. It had been called Marthasville in 1843.were 20,000 people mainly because it was being used
The small town was named after Martha Lumpkin, theas a military hospital for the Confederate Army during
daughter of Wilson Lumpkin who had previously beenthe Civil War.
the governor. Lumpkin was trying to convince theAtlanta was confirmed a military zone in 1864 and all
residents to allow the railroad to go through the littlethe residents were forced to evacuate. A few months
town.later, Sherman burned down the town of Atlanta. Not
Two years later, the little group of buildings calledlong after that, the residents of Atlanta returned to find
Marthasville was changed to the name Atlanta whichtheir homes burned and even the railroad destroyed.
was Martha Lumpkin's middle name. That same year,Although the people felt discouraged by this situation,
the railroad came through the area. The Chief Engineerthey didn't let this damage to drive them away. They
of the Georgia Railroad, John Thomson, decided toworked together to build shanty houses at first so
change the name of the small town in 1845. During thethey could stay in their little town of Atlanta.
previous year, a newcomer Jonathon Norcross,When their bank was opened in 1865, businesses
moved his sawmill and lumber yard business into thebegan to rebuild; and within another year there were
area.250 businesses that had rebuilt. There were 20,000
Prior to that year, the only business there was thepeople counted in the 1866 census. Georgia claimed
post office. Within the next couple of years, AtlantaAtlanta as its capital in 1868.
got its first doctor, school, first newspaper and anotherBack in 1813, prior to the building of the first fort, this
railroad called the Macon and Western. By 1848,area had belonged to the Creek Indians who
Atlanta was ready for its first election and there weresurrendered it in 1821. At that time, counties were
just 215 voters. Besides their first mayor, they alsocreated to define the area. They were called Henry
elected 6 councilmen for the city.and Fayette Counties.
According to historical documents, there was aToday, Atlanta is considered the fastest growing city in
homicide in Atlanta at that time. Because of that, thethe United States with its current residents adding up
councilmen decided to hire a town marshal and build ato almost a half million people. Atlanta works at being
jail.eco-friendly and is full of cultural events and
The next year Atlanta got its very first telegraphorganizations. Besides being a beautiful modern city,
which opened up communication between this townAtlanta appreciates and cherishes its historical roots.
and other areas. That same year, there was a majorIt is rated third in the country having Fortune 500
fire in Atlanta that affected the livery stable andcompanies. Considered the city with the fastest
several businesses. Because of this tragedy, thegrowing millionaire population, Atlanta demonstrates
residents decided to form a volunteer fire department.growth financially but also is known to be good at
By the year 1860, the census showed that there werebalancing itself as it continues to grow.
almost 8,000 residents which included slaves. The