Beginning In Photography: Exposure Basics

So you've just bought a shiny new SLR camera huh?much variety with this control as there is with shutter
And a lens or two to go with it? That's great. Now allspeed. You can choose to set a narrow aperture (long
you have to do is learn how to use it. I'm assumingdepth of field) when you want the whole shot in focus,
here you bought an SLR camera because you wantfor instance a great, sweeping landscape, or a wider
to do a little bit more than take happy snaps at familyaperture for portraits.
events and holidays. So for those new to photographyOk, so you've got your shutter speed sorted from
as anything more than that, this article aims to give youyour aperture. Now we just have to put them
a little background on the basics of exposure to helptogether. Any SLR camera will have an inbuilt light
you on your way.meter. This little gadget measures the amount of light
Shutter speedyou will need to create a correct exposure. It is usually
There are two elements to creating a "correctin the form of a little bar with a too high (+) and a too
exposure". These are aperture, and shutter speed,low (-) sign at each end. It is simply a matter of
which we will look at first. When you press the triggerbalancing one against the other so that the meter is
button on your camera to take a picture, it opens a setcentered. Once you've done that you can press the
of sliders, like opening a window. How long it staysbutton! That's all there is to it.
open, depends on how you set the shutter speed.ISO
Shutter speeds can range from extremely fast (ie 1Another choice that will effect your exposure is the
8000 of a second), to very slow (30 seconds), or evenISO you use. With film cameras, this means the speed
infinity if your camera has a bulb setting. These areof film that you use. If you use a 100 speed film, your
extreme shutter speeds and not often used, exceptISO is 100. Digital cameras also have an adjustable ISO
by people who shoot fast moving subjects, or in veryspeed. It's just in the form of turning a dial instead of
low light. For most of us, we tend to stick toloading a different film. A general rule is to use the
somewhere in the middle. As a general rule, the fasterlowest ISO you can get away with. Higher ISO films or
the shutter speed, the sharper your photo will be. Fordigital settings can result in noisy (grainy) pictures. They
most people, anything at 1/60 of a second or above isdo, however, allow you more freedom in your
acceptable when hand holding a camera. Lower if youexposures in that you can shoot with less available
have a particularly steady hand. If you need to uselight. Experiment with your particular camera, see what
slower shutter speeds, you will need to use a tripod oryou can get away with. Remember that the quality
rest your camera on a steady surface. These slowrequired will be different for everyone. If you only want
speeds can be particularly useful for creating blurredto make small prints to put in an album, or just store
effects. For example the flowing water in a waterfall.the photos digitally on your computer, then you will not
Apertureneed the same quality as if you want to make large
Ever wondered how photographers get their subjectsprints to hang on your wall.
to really stand out by blurring the background? TheSo there is some food for thought for those starting
secret (which really is no secret) is adjusting theout in photography and looking to do more than just
aperture. The aperture changes the depth of field inpoint and shoot. Now it's time to go out there and
your photo. Depth of field is how much of the image isshoot. Experiment with different settings. Try new
in focus. For example, if you have a depth of field of 4things. The technical side of photography you can read
meters, anything within that distance of the subjectabout anywhere. The creative side, well, that's up to
you are focusing on will also be in focus. There is asyou.